Does Pus Come Out Of Gums Is It An Ulcer

SHOULD WE SURRENDER TO REDUCE INVOICE EDF?

competitors of the incumbent should pass on higher prices announced

CONSUMPTION

If EDF increases by 20% of regulated electricity tariffs, as called for its CEO, Pierre Gadonneix, its subscribers have they interest to visit competing providers? Not sure.

They should indeed pass up mechanically. "Our prices are indexed to the regulated tariffs of EDF, but 10% cheaper," says Will we, in Poweo and Direct Energy.

"That said, if EDF also radically changed its trade policy, we question our strategy, "said Xavier Caitucoli, CEO of Direct Energy.

As for GDF Suez, it guarantees a fixed price over a year or two, but he expects a decision from the government to" decide on possible implications " on its rates.

Before going to see the market offers, it is better to know what it is exposed: the current state of legislation, we can no longer return to the regulated sector, after 1 July 2010 . And yet: the consumer, who opts for a market offering 2 January 2010, would be trapped, as it takes a period of six months to be readmitted .

The irreversibility exists for gas: A tenant who, for example, has endorsed a mixed-gas electricity from EDF, saying it would be better to have one bill, which is more in an incumbent , has tipped its housing in the market for gas, EDF has no right to offer regulated tariffs for this type of energy. The tenant has no right to apply to GDF Suez, the only supplier of gas to the regulated tariff. Champsaur commission, charged with an overview and recommendations on the "organization of the electricity market" in France, has requested all operators to offer regulated tariffs. But will she be heard by the legislature?

In 2008, UFC-Que Choisir advised to keep their old contracts, noting that "our European neighbors, the opening of energy markets has resulted in a dramatic increase in free prices. In Germany, for example, the monthly bill of an average household has increased by 50% between 2000 and 2007 by the Federation of German Consumer Organisations (VZBV). For the UFC, "the risk of driving up sales prices of deregulated power market is real."

unfair methods

Most customers do not want to EDF also not change operator, which leads some marketers to engage in unfair business practices. "Mr. and Mrs. B. have switched without their knowledge, they have learned by receiving a bill for terminating their regular supplier, so they did not initiate action to change," said the mediator Energy, in its 2008 report. Although this type of litigation is not within its jurisdiction, the ombudsman advises that occurred 6000 times from suppliers for its subscribers return to their original agreement, "essentially at EDF.

54% of referrals relating to business practices challenged concerned GDF Suez Energy Direct 29% and 6% Poweo.

In January, the Communist mayor of Houdain (Pas-de-Calais) has issued an order prohibiting soliciting Poweo on his commune.

Several people, its business would have posed as officials from EDF control of subscriber billing. "Our sellers have never been challenged to spend such," says Charles Beigbeder, founder and president of Poweo. Direct Energy was however separated from several commercial indelicate.

If a consumer wishes to subscribe to a market, he will take his calculator, the Committee on Energy Regulation had planned to compare prices for the end of the year.

It will add:

• the subscription price, the per kilowatt hour
• all taxes
• possibly various levels for peak and off-peak hours,
• duration of the contract of engagement ,
• ainsi que les frais pouvant être imposés en cas de résiliation de celui-ci.
  

information often well hidden Sites suppliers.

Rafaële Rivals

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11 to 13 cents per kilowatt hour

If a consumer wishes to subscribe to a market, it will:
first see which suppliers are available on Energy info.fr site. This does not indicate the market shares of each other, this information being kept secret. It seems that EDF serves some 30 million residential households, and only 1 million competition, the three main operators are GDF Suez, Direct Energy and Poweo.

Currently, the price per kilowatt hour Taxes, "optional basis" for a power of 3 kilovolt-ampere is:

• 13 cents at EDF-GDF and Suez regulated tariff, 12 cents
• in Poweo and Direct Energy, and 11 cents
• at EDF-offer market.
  

But beware of subscriptions:

• That Will Poweo, Direct Energy and EDF-regulated price that is cheaper, at 24.84 euros per year.
• arose to 24.99 euros at GDF Suez
• and it is much more expensive at EDF-supply market, 68.93 euros.
  

On the Web

• Energy Ombudsman, www.energie-mediateur.fr. Tel. : 0810-112-212. Energy-
• info.fr, the information site for consumers.

Egg White Before Menstruation

The current price of energy-saving lamps is not justified

Hervé Lefebvre is Head of Market and energy efficiency services to ADEME (Agency for Environment and Energy Management). It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of light bulbs.

Part of incandescent bulbs is now off the market.

What impact is expected from this first step towards the complete withdrawal of traditional bulbs?

The share of 100-watt bulbs on the market is marginal, the bulk being made up by the lamps 60 and 75 watts. But it gives a signal.

A schedule is planned for the following: loss of 75 W bulbs in December and ending with those of 25 W December 31, 2012.
This decision is not following a regulation, but a voluntary agreement between the teachers providing the majority of sales, represented by the Federation of Commercial and distribution (FCD) and DIY stores, with Department of Ecology. The withdrawal

anticipates European regulations, which come into force on 1 September and will target 100 W incandescent bulbs, but halogens over 75 W class D and E, and compact fluorescent lights (low consumption) Class B.

An economy that equate to a nuclear reactor.

In 2016, the replacement of incandescent "low consolidated" will save up to 9 terawatt-hour * in France (6 TWh for the residential sector), the production of a nuclear reactor.

Because these bulbs consume four to five times less energy, an average saving of 33 euros per year per family.
But if they last up to eight times longer, they cost ten times more expensive.

Is it a handicap to their takeoff?

In 2007, 69% of households had at least one energy-saving lamp, and they have averaged between five and eight per household. So people have joined, while the "incandescent" are not yet withdrawn from the market.
That said, we find that the price of compact fluorescent lamps is now no justification.

Prices range from 2 to 18 euros, and there are everything on the market because there are no quality standards.

brand products cost 12 euros on average, those private label 7 or 8 euros.

But the cost of production is about 1.50 euros.
We believe that a reasonable cost would be around 5 euros.

industrialists will be forced to lower their prices to avoid being taken market share from new importers.

For now, they reap the maximum return on investment to continue to do research, especially on the LED (light emitting diodes).

LEDs will they be replaced quickly compact fluorescent lamps?

We are already on the market, with prices 15 to 45 euros, but some are of poor quality and do not work because there is still no standardization in their ability photometric.

ADEME supports research activities on these lighting solutions, but does not communicate on the subject, until the quality benchmarks are developed on the LEDs.

The market should be structured in two or three years for the professional sector, and five years for residential.

Some also criticize the low-energy lamps ability lighting, a little pale ...

80% of world production is manufactured in China, which adapts to global demand, more focused on cold colors, and has no dedicated production for France, where it prefers warm colors.

But we will soon choose its color temperature, and therefore choose between a light cold or hot, as from 1 September 2010 this number shall be binding on the packaging of the lamps.

Mercury and electromagnetic fields

The fluorescent Have adverse effects on health? They contain

Mercury - unlike incandescent bulbs, but like all fluorescent tubes - and are therefore classified as hazardous waste.

But it is a problem became an advantage. While incandescent lamps are thrown into all-comers, a recycling has been developed for CFLs.

They may be related to the point of sale, and 93% of their weight is recyclable.
The question of their electromagnetic field poses more difficulty because we have no data, but the second half of 2009, we will launch a campaign of measurements on the basis of a protocol defined by Afsset (Agency Health Safety Environment).

As for their impact on health, there is only a study of the European Commission, which said, in a somewhat ambiguous, as the lamps are low consolidated no adverse effect on those already ill.
But there is no analysis of impact on people in good health.

difficult in these circumstances to issue recommendations, and expected results of the measurement campaign.

From our Paris office
Interview by Simon Bartholomew.

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Disadvantages level environmental

The presence of fluorescent powder and mercury in the tube, not hazardous in use, because these lamps are a hazardous waste ecologically requiring special disposal .

recovery services now exist but are sometimes unknown to the general public, which should bring the old pipes to resellers.

In France, recovery services are implemented by the agency Recyclum: sellers include all the fluorescent (compact or tube) and diodes.

note, fluorescents have a number of switch cycles limited (now shown on the box), which makes them unattractive for traffic areas: corridor, toilets etc.. Many

light up only gradually (they reach their full brightness after more or less a minute), but ranges to develop immediate ignition.

Because it contains an average of 5mg of mercury, the CFL is considered a hazardous waste.
The Environmental Protection Agency U.S. (EPA) estimates that 800 million fluorescent lamps are discarded each year, causing the mercury contamination of 81 000 km ² water.
It is now forbidden to throw these bulbs in household garbage. European WEEE regulation requires distributors to take over the old light bulbs when he buys a new one (note: only the bulbs and, in general, other than filament lamps are concerned. Bulbs classic should they follow the path of garbage). We may also file these lamps in a dump, if it accepts them. Eco-body Recylum only structure approved in France, then take care of collecting and recycling lamps low consommation.Il responsible for industrial members, removal and recycling of lamps collected selectively throughout the national territory (including overseas). Some cities, has long been proposed besides regular collections of household toxic products, which include these bulbs.
For the balance of these bulbs is positive, they should recycle, and buy quality products (avoid models manufactured in Asian countries in environmental and social conditions rather mediocre).

Furthermore the impact of lighting in particular on the overall power consumption in lighting a country that is 10 to 20%, while the tertiary sector is the largest consumer of electricity for lighting and that it (shops or offices) have increasingly preferred halogen lighting, fluorescence with bad press.

As for the impact of lighting in particular on the overall power consumption in all sectors (lighting, rail, general industry and aluminum in particular) is minimal.

lighting in private accounts for 14% of their electricity consumption with fluorescents, we can divide this share by 5, and more using diodes (1-5 W, for multiple light points already very efficient).